INTRODUCTION

Menstruation is a natural process and a women experiences various problems before , during and after menstruation. Ayurveda believes that one of the main reasons for menstrual imbalances is bad diet and life style.

Treatment for menstrual disorders in our MADHAVA  hospital includes ayurvedic herbal formulations,rejuvenation therapies, massages,meditation, and yoga for permanent cure to the problem.

Menstrual disorders includes disorders of cycle,length and flow, irrularity in menstruation can also be due to various causes,including anaemia, underdevelopment or congestion of genital organs,endocrinal disorders including hypothyroidism,toxic goiter,poly cystic ovarian disease (PCOD) and other hormonal disturbances.

Disorders of ovulation

Include oligoovulation and  anovulation:

  • Oligoovulation is infrequent or irregular ovulation (usually defined as cycles of ≥36 days or <8 cycles a year)
  • Anovulation is absence of ovulation when it would be normally expected (in a post-menarchal, premenopausal woman). Anovulation usually manifests itself as irregularity of menstrual periods, that is, unpredictable variability of intervals, duration, or bleeding. Anovulation can also cause cessation of periods (secondary amenorrhea) or excessive bleeding (dysfunctional uterine bleeding).

Disorders of flow

  • Abnormal uterine bleeding is a general category that includes any bleeding from menstrual or nonmenstrual causes.
  • Hypomenorrhea is abnormally light menstrual periods.
  • Menorrhagia (meno = month, rhagia = excessive flow/discharge) is an abnormally heavy and prolonged menstrual period.
  • Metrorrhagia is bleeding at irregular times, especially outside the expected intervals of the menstrual cycle.
  • Menometrorrhagia If there is excessive menstrual and uterine bleeding other than that caused by menstruation, menometrorrhagia (meno = prolonged, metro = uterine, rrhagia = excessive flow/discharge) may be diagnosed. Causes may be due to abnormal blood clotting, disruption of normal hormonal regulation of periods or disorders of the endometrial lining of the uterus. Depending upon the cause, it may be associated with abnormally painful periods.

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

PMS refers to physical and emotional symptoms that occur in the one to two weeks before a woman's period. Symptoms often vary between women and resolve around the start of bleeding. Common symptoms include acne, tender breasts, bloating, feeling tired, irritability, and mood changes. Often symptoms are present for around six days. A woman's pattern of symptoms may change over time. Symptoms do not occur during pregnancy or following menopause.

Diagnosis requires a consistent pattern of emotional and physical symptoms occurring after ovulation and before menstruation to a degree that interferes with normal life. Emotional symptoms must not be present during the initial part of the menstrual cycle. A daily list of symptoms over a few months may help in diagnosis. Other disorders that cause similar symptoms need to be excluded before a diagnosis is made.

The cause of PMS is unknown. Some symptoms may be worsened by a high-salt diet, alcohol, or caffeine. The underlying mechanism is believed to involve changes in hormone levels. Reducing salt, caffeine, and stress along with increasing exercise is typically all that is recommended in those with mild symptoms. Calcium and vitamin D supplementation may be useful in some.

Disorders of cycle length

  • Polymenorrhea is the medical term for cycles with intervals of 21 days or fewer.
  • Irregular menstruation is where there is variation in menstrual cycle length of more than approximately eight days for a woman. The term metrorrhagia is often used for irregular menstruation that occurs between the expected menstrual periods.
  • Oligomenorrhea is the medical term for infrequent, often light menstrual periods (intervals exceeding 35 days).
  • Amenorrhea is the absence of a menstrual period in a woman of reproductive age. Physiologic states of amenorrhoea are seen during pregnancy and lactation (breastfeeding). Outside of the reproductive years there is absence of menses during childhood and after menopause.

Dysmenorrhea

Dysmenorrhea (or dysmenorrhoea), cramps or painful menstruation, involves menstrual periods that are accompanied by either sharp, intermittent pain or dull, aching pain, usually in the pelvis or lower abdomen.

Polycystic ovary syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a set of symptoms due to elevated androgens (male hormones) in women. Signs and symptoms of PCOS include irregular or no menstrual periods, heavy periods, excess body and facial hair, acne, pelvic pain, difficulty getting pregnant, and patches of thick, darker, velvety skin. Associated conditions include type 2 diabetes, obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, heart disease, mood disorders, and endometrial cancer.

PCOS is due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Risk factors include obesity, not enough physical exercise, and a family history of someone with the condition. Diagnosis is based on two of the following three findings: no ovulation, high androgen levels, and ovarian cysts. Cysts may be detectable by ultrasound. Other conditions that produce similar symptoms include adrenal hyperplasia, hypothyroidism, and hyperprolactinemia.

Treatment may involve lifestyle changes such as weight loss and exercise.

PCOS is the most common endocrine disorder among women between the ages of 18 and 44. It affects approximately 2% to 20% of this age group depending on how it is defined. It is one of the leading causes of poor fertility. The earliest known description of what is now recognized as PCOS dates from 1721 in Italy.

OTHER RELATED PROBLEMS:

Leucorrhoea

Leucorrhoea is a thick, whitish or yellowish vaginal discharge. There are many causes of leucorrhea, the usual one being estrogen imbalance. The amount of discharge may increase due to vaginal infection or STDs, and also it may disappear and reappear from time to time, this discharge can keep occurring for years in which case it becomes more yellow and foul-smelling; it is usually a non-pathological symptom secondary to inflammatory conditions of vagina or cervix.

Leucorrhea can be confirmed by finding >10 WBC under a microscope when examining vaginal fluid.

Vaginal discharge is not abnormal, and causes of change in discharge include infection, malignancy, and hormonal changes. It sometimes occurs before a girl has her first period, and is considered a sign of puberty.

Uterine fibroid

Uterine fibroids, also known as uterine leiomyomas or fibroids, are benign smooth muscle tumors of the uterus. Most women have no symptoms while others may have painful or heavy periods. If large enough, they may push on the bladder causing a frequent need to urinate. They may also cause pain during sex or lower back pain. A woman can have one uterine fibroid or many of them. Occasionally, fibroids may make it difficult to get pregnant, although this is uncommon.

The exact cause of uterine fibroids is unclear. However, fibroids run in families and appear to be partly determined by hormone levels. Risk factors include obesity and eating red meat. Diagnosis can be performed by pelvic examination or medical imaging.

Treatment is typically not needed if there are no symptoms.

AYURVEDA TREATMENT

Treatment for menstrual disorders in our MADHAVA  hospital includes ayurvedic herbal formulations,rejuvenation therapies, massages,meditation, and yoga for permanent cure to the problem. We have specially trained lady doctor for this deparment.

TIPS ON DIET

  • Avoid salty,sour,hot,pungent,heavy and fermented food.
  • Avoid excess intake of non-vegetarian food, alcoholic beverages.
  • Avoid eating before the previous meal is digested.
  • Avoid tea, coffe and any cold drinks.
  • Avoid refined products,milled rice and sugar.substitute sugar with dates,gur,figs or raisins.
  • Milk and milk products can be taken.
  • Eat plenty of leafy vegetables,cucumbers,raw vegetables,tomatoes,carrots,spinach in uncooked form,pineapple,musk melons can be the mainstay.

LIFE STYLE

  • Avoid psychological and physical stress such as anger,grief,lust and anxiety.
  • Walk regularly.
  • Exercise to shape-up the abdomen.
  • Hot and cold baths can help.
  • Get that 8 hours of sleep and donot over strain.

YOGA

Some effective yoga poses that helps to rectify the irregularity in menstruation:

  • Kapalabhati pranayama
  • Padahastasana
  • Trikonasana
  • Shalabasana
  • Bhujangasana
  • Surya namaskara
  • Arda chkrasana
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